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Ge substrate
1.Sb/N doped
2. Babu doping
3.Semiconductor
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YAP Substrate
1.Madalla da kayan gani da na zahiri
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CdTe Substrate
1. Babban ƙudurin makamashi
2. Hoto da aikace-aikacen ganowa
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LiNbO3 Substrate
1.Piezoelectric, photoelectric da acousto-optic halaye
2. Low Acoustic kalaman watsa hasara
3.Low surface Acoustic kalaman yaduwa gudun
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Saukewa: MgAl2O4
Na'urorin Microwave
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LiTaO3 Substrate
1.Good electro-optic, piezoelectric da pyroelectric Properties
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Farashin LSAT
Babban zafin jiki superconductors
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TeO2 Substrate
1.Good birefringence da na gani juyi aiki
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LiAlO2 Substrate
1. Low dielectric akai-akai
2. Low Microwave asarar
3. Babban zafin jiki superconducting bakin ciki fim
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BaF2 Substrate
Ayyukan 1.IR, watsawar gani mai kyau
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Farashin YVO4
1.Good zafin jiki kwanciyar hankali da jiki da kuma inji Properties
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LaAlO3 Substrate
1. Low dielectric akai-akai
2. Low Microwave asarar
3. Babban zafin jiki superconducting bakin ciki fim
