Maganin Hoto na Nukiliya
Menene Hoto na Likita?
Hoton likitancin nukiliya (wanda kuma ake kira da radionuclide scanning) kayan aikin bincike ne mai inganci saboda yana nuna ba wai kawai tsarin jiki (tsarin) na gabo ko sashin jiki ba, amma aikin gabobin ma.Wannan ƙarin “bayanan aiki” yana ba da damar likitancin nukiliya don gano wasu cututtuka da yanayi daban-daban da wuri fiye da sauran gwaje-gwajen hoto na likitanci waɗanda ke ba da bayanan tsarin jiki (tsari) game da gaba ko sashin jiki.Magungunan nukiliya na iya zama mai mahimmanci a farkon ganewar asali, jiyya, da rigakafin yawancin yanayin likita kuma yana ci gaba da girma azaman kayan aikin likita mai ƙarfi.
DON MAFI YAWAN CIBIYOYIN KIWON LAFIYA da ke ba da tsarin sarrafa hoto na likitanci waɗanda suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarsu ta yau da kullun don tsarin aikin rediyo na gabaɗaya (watau CT, MR, X-ray, PET, SPECT, da sauransu).Koyaya, ƙwararru a cikin waɗannan cibiyoyi, daga likitoci, masana fasaha, da masu gudanarwa, zuwa ma'aikatan PACS/IT, suma suna jin zafin rashin samun ingantattun hanyoyin PACS don kewayon hanyoyin daban-daban.Mafi yawan hanyoyin da PACS ba ta yi amfani da su ba su ne hanyoyin hotunan kwayoyin halitta, ciki har da PET-CT, SPECT-CT, ilimin zuciya na nukiliya, da magungunan nukiliya na gaba ɗaya.
Duk da cewa hoton kwayoyin halittar nukiliya ya yi kadan idan aka yi la’akari da adadin jarrabawar da ake yi a kowace shekara, ba za a yi la’akari da muhimmancinsa ba, a asibiti da kuma na kudi.An tabbatar da cewa PET-CT ita ce hanyar tabbatar da gaskiya idan aka zo ga gano cutar kansa.Ilimin zuciya na nukiliya ya kasance yanayin zaɓi don ilimin zuciya mara ɓarna.Maganin nukiliya na gabaɗaya yana ba da aikace-aikacen hoto da yawa masu aiki waɗanda babu wasu hanyoyin da za su dace da su.Ta fannin kuɗi, PET-CT da ilimin zuciya na nukiliya har yanzu suna daga cikin mafi girman hanyoyin da aka biya a cikin hoton gano cutar.
Abin da ya sa hoton kwayoyin halittar likitanci na nukiliya ya bambanta da tsarin aikin rediyo na gabaɗaya shi ne cewa tsoffin hotuna na ayyukan jiki ne, yayin da na ƙarshe ya kwatanta yanayin jikin mutum.Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa hoton kwayoyin halitta na nukiliya wani lokaci kuma ana kiransa hoto na rayuwa.Don nazarin ayyukan jiki daga hotunan da aka samo, ana buƙatar kayan aiki na musamman da dubawa.Waɗannan kayan aikin sune ainihin abin da ya ɓace daga yawancin PACS a yau.
Dangane da wannan, ƙarin kamfanonin fasahar hoto na likita suna son haɓaka sabon ƙarni na PET, SPECT.
Me yasa Zabi Kinheng:
1. Minimal pixel girma samuwa
2.Rage magana ta gani
3.Good uniformity tsakanin pixel zuwa pixel / Array zuwa tsararru
4.TiO2 / BaSO4 / ESR / E60 masu haskakawa akwai
5.Pixel Rata: 0.08, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3mm
6.Ayyukan gwaji akwai
Kwatanta Kayayyakin Kayayyakin:
Sunan abu | CsI (Tl) | GAGG | CDWO4 | LYSO | LSO | BGO | GOS(Pr/Tb) yumbu |
Girma (g/cm3) | 4.51 | 6.6 | 7.9 | 7.15 | 7.3 ~ 7.4 | 7.13 | 7.34 |
Hygroscopic | Dan kadan | No | No | No | No | No | No |
Fitowar haske na dangi (% na NaI(Tl)) (na γ-haskoki) | 45 | 158(HL)/ 132(BL)/79(FD) | 32 | 65-75 | 75 | 15-20 | 71/118 |
Lokacin lalacewa (ns) | 1000 | 150(HL)/ 90(BL)/748(FD) | 14000 | 38-42 | 40 | 300 | 3000/600000 |
Bayan glow@30ms | 0.6-0.8% | 0.1-0.2% | 0.1-0.2% | N/A | N/A | 0.1-0.2% | 0.1-0.2% |
Nau'in tsararru | Liner da 2D | Liner da 2D | Liner da 2D | 2D | 2D | 2D | Liner da 2D |
Tsarin injina don haɗawa:
Dangane da ƙarshen amfani da tsararrun da aka haɗa, akwai nau'ikan ƙirar injiniyoyi da yawa daga Kinheng don saduwa da masana'antar binciken likita da tsaro.
1D Liner array ana amfani da su musamman don masana'antar bincikar Tsaro, kamar na'urar daukar hotan takardu, na'urar daukar hoto ta jirgin sama, na'urar daukar hotan takardu na 3D da NDT.Material Ciki har da CsI(Tl), GOS:Tb/Pr Film, GAGG:Ce, CdWO4 scintillator da dai sauransu. Yawanci ana haɗa su da layin Silicon Photodiode don karantawa.
Ana amfani da tsararrun 2D kullum don yin hoto, gami da Medical(SPECT, PET, PET-CT, ToF-PET), SEM, kyamarar Gamma.Waɗannan tsararrun 2D galibi ana haɗe su tare da tsararrun SIPM, tsararrun PMT don karantawa.Kinheng yana samar da 2D tsararru ciki har da LYSO, CsI (Tl), LSO, GAGG, YSO, CsI (Na), BGO scintillator da dai sauransu.
A ƙasa akwai zanen ƙira na kinheng na musamman don tsararrun 1D Da 2D don masana'antu.
(Kinheng liner array)
(Kinheng 2D tsararru)
Yawan girman Pixel & lambobi:
Kayan abu | Girman pixel na al'ada | Lambobi na yau da kullun | ||
Mai layi | 2D | Mai layi | 2D | |
CsI (Tl) | 1.275x2.7 | 1 x1mm | 1 x16 | 19 x19 |
GAGG | 1.275x2.7 | 0.5x0.5mm | 1 x16 | 8 x8 |
CDWO4 | 1.275x2.7 | 3 x3mm | 1 x16 | 8 x8 |
LYSO/LSO/YSO | N/A | 1 x1mm | N/A | 25 x25 |
BGO | N/A | 1 x1mm | N/A | 13x13 |
GOS(Tb/Pr) yumbu | 1.275X2.7 | 1 x1mm | 1 x16 | 19x19 |
Karamin girman Pixel:
Kayan abu | Karamin girman pixel | |
Mai layi | 2D | |
CsI (Tl) | 0.4mm tsawo | 0.5mm tsawo |
GAGG | 0.4mm tsawo | 0.2mm |
CDWO4 | 0.4mm tsawo | 1 mm |
LYSO/LSO/YSO | N/A | 0.2mm |
BGO | N/A | 0.2mm |
GOS(Tb/Pr) yumbu | 0.4mm tsawo | 1mm tafe |
Scintillation Array Reflector da Adhesive siga:
Mai tunani | Kauri na Reflector+Adhesive | |
Mai layi | 2D | |
TiO2 | 0.1-1 mm | 0.1-1 mm |
BaSO4 | 0.1mm | 0.1-0.5mm |
ESR | N/A | 0.08mm |
E60 | N/A | 0.075mm |
Aikace-aikace:
Sunan abu | CsI (Tl) | GAGG | CDWO4 | LYSO | LSO | BGO | GOS(Tb/Pr) yumbu |
PET, ToF-PET | Ee | Ee | Ee | ||||
SPECT | Ee | Ee | |||||
CT | Ee | Ee | Ee | Ee | |||
NDT | Ee | Ee | Ee | ||||
Na'urar daukar hotan takardu | Ee | Ee | Ee | ||||
Duban kwantena | Ee | Ee | Ee | ||||
Gamma kamara | Ee | Ee |